Marker · Hormones & Vitamins
Vitamin D, 25-OH
Patient · 42F · Nov 12, 2026 · LabCorp 081950
Low — functional
22 ng/mL
Functional 50–80 · Standard 30–100
Nutrient
7
Toxin
3
Infection
4
Circadian
5
Magnesium — required cofactor for 25-OH activation
Hepatic 25-hydroxylation and renal 1α-hydroxylation are Mg-dependent. Repletion below RBC Mg 5.2 mg/dL blunts response to D3.
Uwitonze · Nutrients 2018
Retinol (A) — competes for receptor heterodimer
VDR/RXR heterodimer signaling shifts when serum retinol drops below 35 µg/dL — repletion order matters.
Rohde · J Nutr 2005
Boron — modulates 24-hydroxylase clearance
Trace boron supplementation (3 mg/d) extends D3 half-life; consider in chronically low-D patients with otherwise adequate intake.
Pizzorno · ICCM 2015